時間：2015-01-22 15:21來源：藍天飛行翻譯公司 作者：民航翻譯 點擊：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. (B) the re-establishment of tracking of the balloon. (2) The operator of a heavy unmanned balloon shall forward to the ATS unit the following information regarding the balloon one hour before the beginning of the planned descent: (i) The current geographical position; (ii) The current level (pressure-altitude); (iii) The forecast time of penetration of 18000 m (60000 ft) pressure-altitude, if applicable; (iv) The forecast time and location of ground impact. (3) The operator of a medium or heavy unmanned free balloon shall notify the appropriate ATS unit when the operation is completed. ICAO Annex 2: 3.1.10: Appendix 5: 1; 2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4; 2.5; 2.6; 3.1; 3.2; 3.3; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6; 3.7; 4; 5.1.1; 5.1.2; 5.1.3; 5.2; 5.3; 6.1; 6.2; 6.3; 6.4; 6.5 8.8.2 CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC 8.8.2.1 ATC CLEARANCES (a) Each PIC shall obtain an ATC clearance before operating a controlled flight, or a portion of a flight as a controlled flight. (b) Each PIC shall request an ATC clearance through the submission of a flight plan to an ATC facility, including potential re-clearance in flight. (c) Whenever an aircraft has requested a clearance involving priority, each PIC shall submit a report explaining the necessity for such priority, if requested by the appropriate ATC facility. (d) No person operating an aircraft on a controlled aerodrome may taxi on the manoeuvring area or any runway without clearance from the aerodrome control tower. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.1.1,3.6.1.2; 3.6.1.3; 3.6.1.4 14 CFR: 91.173 8.8.2.2 ADHERENCE TO ATC CLEARANCES (a) When an ATC clearance has been obtained, no PIC may deviate from the clearance, except in an emergency, unless he or she obtains an amended clearance. Note 1: A flight plan may cover only part of a flight, as necessary, to describe that portion of the flight or those manoeuvres which are subject to ATC. A clearance may cover only part of a current flight plan, as indicated in a clearance limit or by reference to specific manoeuvres such as taxiing, landing or taking off. Note 2: § 8.8.2.2(a) does not prohibit a pilot from cancelling an IFR clearance when operating in VMC conditions or cancelling a controlled flight clearance when operating in airspace that does not required controlled flight. (b) When operating in airspace requiring controlled flight, no PIC may operate contrary to ATC instructions, except in an emergency. (c) Each PIC who deviates from an ATC clearance or instructions in an emergency, shall notify ATC of that deviation as soon as possible. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.2.1; 3.6.2.1.3 8.8.2.3 COMMUNICATIONS (a) Each person operating an aircraft on a controlled flight shall maintain a continuous listening watch on the appropriate radio frequency of, and establish two-way communication as required with, the appropriate ATC facility. (b) Each person operating an aircraft on a controlled flight shall, except when landing at a controlled aerodrome, advise the appropriate ATC facility as soon as it ceases to be subject to ATC service. Note 1: More specific procedures may be prescribed by the appropriate ATC Authority in respect of aircraft forming part of aerodrome traffic at a controlled aerodrome. Note 2: Automatic signaling devices may be used to satisfy the requirement to maintain a continuous listening watch, if authorised by the Authority. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.5.1; 3.6.4; 4.9 14 CFR: 91.123 8.8.2.4 ROUTE TO BE FLOWN (a) Unless otherwise authorised or directed by the appropriate ATC facility, the PIC of a controlled flight shall, in so far as practicable— (1) When on an established ATC route, operate along the defined centre line of that route; or (2) When on any other route, operate directly between the navigation facilities and/or points defining that route. (b) The PIC of a controlled flight operating along an ATC route defined by reference to VORs shall change over for primary navigation guidance from the facility behind the aircraft to that ahead of it at, or as close as operationally feasible to, the change-over point, where established. Note: These requirements do not prohibit manoeuvring the aircraft to pass well clear of other air traffic or the manoeuvring of the aircraft in VFR conditions to clear the intended flight path both before and during climb or descent. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.2.1.1; 3.6.2.1.2 14 CFR: 91.181 8.8.2.5 INADVERTENT CHANGES (a) A PIC shall take the following action in the event that a controlled flight inadvertently deviates from its current flight plan: (1) Deviation from track. If the aircraft is off track, the PIC shall adjust the heading of the aircraft to regain track as soon as practicable. (2) Variation in true airspeed. Each PIC shall inform the appropriate ATC facility if the average true airspeed at cruising level between reporting points varies from that given in the flight plan or is expected to vary by plus or minus 5 per cent of the true airspeed. (3) Change in time estimate. Each PIC shall notify the appropriate ATC facility and give a revised estimated time as soon as possible if the time estimate for a reporting point, flight information region boundary, or destination aerodrome, whichever comes first, is found to be in excess of three minutes from that notified to ATC, or such other period of time as is prescribed by the appropriate ATC Authority or on the basis of air navigation regional agreements. (b) When an ADS agreement is in place, the air traffic services unit shall be informed automatically via data link whenever changes occur beyond the threshold values stipulated by the ADS event contract. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.2.2; 3.6.2.2.1 8.8.2.6 ATC CLEARANCE—INTENDED CHANGES (a) Requests for flight plan changes shall include the following information: (1) Change of cruising level. Aircraft identification, requested new cruising level and cruising speed at this level, and revised time estimates, when applicable, at subsequent flight information region boundaries. (2) Change of route: (i) Destination unchanged. Aircraft identification, flight rules; description of new route of flight including related flight plan data beginning with the position from which requested change of route is to commence; revised time estimates, and any other pertinent information. (ii) Destination change. Aircraft identification; flight rules; description of revised route of flight to revised destination aerodrome including related flight plan data, beginning with the position from which requested change of route is to commence; revised time estimates; alternate aerodrome(s); any other pertinent information. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.2.3 8.8.2.7 POSITION REPORTS (a) Each pilot of a controlled flight shall report to the appropriate ATC facility, as soon as possible, the time and level of passing each designated compulsory reporting point, together with any other required information, unless exempted from this requirement by the appropriate ATC Authority. (b) Each pilot of a controlled flight shall make position reports in relation to additional points or intervals when requested by the appropriate ATC facility. (c) When operating via data link communications providing position information to the appropriate air traffic services unit, each pilot of a controlled flight shall only provide voice position reports when requested by the appropriate ATC facility. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.3.1; 3.6.3.1.1; 4.9 14 CFR: 91.183(a) 8.8.2.8 OPERATIONS ON OR IN THE VICINITY OF A CONTROLLED AERODROME (a) No person may operate an aircraft to, from, through, or on an aerodrome having an operational control tower unless two-way communications are maintained between that aircraft and the control tower. (b) On arrival, each PIC shall establish communications required by (a) prior to 7.4 km (4 nautical miles) from the aerodrome when operating from the surface up to and including 760 m (2500 ft). (c) On departure, each PIC shall establish communications with the control tower before taxi. (d) Takeoff, landing, taxi clearance. No person may, at any aerodrome with an operating control tower, operate an aircraft on a runway or taxiway or takeoff or land an aircraft, unless an appropriate clearance has been received by ATC. Note: A clearance to “taxi to” the takeoff runway is not a clearance to cross or taxi on to that runway. It does authorise the PIC to cross other runways during the taxi to the assigned runway. A clearance to “taxi to” any other point on the aerodrome is a clearance to cross all runways that intersect the taxi route to the assigned point. (e) Communications failure. If the radio fails or two-way communication is lost, a PIC may continue a VFR flight operation and land if: (1) The weather conditions are at or above basic VFR minimums; and (2) Clearance to land from the ATC tower is given in accordance with the universal light signals and acknowledged by the PIC as contained in IS: 8.8.2.11(e) and (f) for light signals and acknowledgement. Note: During IFR operations, the two-way communications failure procedures in Subsection 8.8.4.19 will apply. ICAO Annex 2: 3.6.5.1; 3.6.5.2; Appendix 1, 4.1.1; Appendix 1, 4.1.2 14 CFR: 91.127, 91.129, 91.130 8.8.2.9 UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE (a) A PIC shall, when and if possible, notify the appropriate ATC facility when an aircraft is being subjected to unlawful interference, including— (1) Any significant circumstances associated with the unlawful interference, and (2) Any deviation from the current flight plan necessitated by the circumstances. ICAO Annex 2: 3.7.1 (b) A PIC shall attempt to land as soon as practicable when an aircraft is subjected to unlawful interference at: |
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